​A Contribution to South African Materia Medica by Andrew Smith is a significant work that documents the medicinal knowledge of South Africa’s indigenous communities, particularly the Xhosa people. Originally published in 1885 as a 23-page pamphlet, the book expanded to a comprehensive 240-page volume in its third edition, reflecting the extensive information gathered from various contributors, including Dr. J.F. Soga and W.W. Gqoba. Smith aimed to make the traditional use of medicinal plants accessible to all, breaking the secrecy that often surrounded indigenous remedies. ​

The book is structured into chapters that address specific health issues, such as snakebite, anthrax, stomach disorders, and more. Each chapter details the plant-based treatments used by the local communities, providing insights into the practical applications of these remedies. Smith’s work not only catalogs these medicinal practices but also offers a glimpse into the cultural context in which they were used, highlighting the integration of traditional knowledge into daily life.​

One notable aspect of the book is its focus on the treatment of snakebites, a common and dangerous occurrence in the region. Smith discusses various plants used to counteract snake venom, emphasizing the importance of understanding local flora in addressing such health threats. The inclusion of contributions from individuals like Rev. W.S. Davis, who had firsthand experience with these treatments, adds depth to the work. ​

The 2011 reprint of the book by Rhodes University’s Cory Library includes an introduction by Michelle Cocks and Tony Dold, who contextualize Smith’s work within the broader history of South African medicinal plant studies. They provide updated botanical names and correct isiXhosa spellings, ensuring the continued relevance of the book for contemporary readers. This edition serves as both a historical document and a valuable resource for those interested in ethnobotany and traditional medicine.