The Universal Herbal, or Botanical, Medical and Agricultural Dictionary by Thomas Green is a comprehensive two-volume work first published between 1816 and 1824. This dictionary offers an extensive account of known plants, systematically arranged according to the Linnaean classification system. Each entry provides detailed information about the plant’s characteristics, uses in food, medicine, and industry, as well as guidance on cultivation and propagation methods. The work is notable for its inclusion of hand-colored engravings, which enhance the understanding of plant morphology and aid in identification.
Green’s dictionary serves multiple purposes: it is a botanical reference, a medical guide, and an agricultural manual. By categorizing plants based on their Linnaean genus and species, it offers a structured approach to plant identification. The medical section discusses the therapeutic properties of plants, detailing their applications in treating various ailments. The agricultural component provides insights into the best methods of plant propagation and the latest agricultural improvements of the time.
The work reflects the scientific and cultural context of the early 19th century, showcasing the era’s growing interest in systematic classification and the practical applications of botanical knowledge. Green’s meticulous documentation and the inclusion of visual aids make this dictionary a valuable resource for historians, botanists, and herbalists. Its enduring relevance is evident in its continued availability through institutions like the World Herb Library and the Wellcome Collection.
The Universal Herbal is more than just a botanical dictionary; it is a testament to the intersection of science, medicine, and agriculture in the 19th century. Its detailed descriptions and illustrations provide a window into the past, offering insights into how plants were understood and utilized during that time. For those interested in the history of herbalism and botany, Green’s work remains an invaluable resource.