“The Steam Doctor’s Defence” by Benjamin Thompson is a 19th-century pamphlet that ardently advocates for the Thomsonian system of medicine, a botanical approach developed by Samuel Thomson. Published in 1833, the work seeks to counteract criticisms from conventional medical practitioners by presenting evidence and testimonials that underscore the efficacy of Thomson’s methods. The pamphlet is structured to educate the public on the principles of Thomsonian medicine, emphasizing its safety, accessibility, and success in treating various ailments, including cholera.

Central to the Thomsonian system is the belief that disease results from a loss of the body’s natural heat, often due to exposure to cold. Thomson proposed that restoring this heat could cure illness, a concept he encapsulated in his motto: “If the heat gains the victory, the cold will be disinherited, and health will be restored.” The system utilizes herbal remedies, steam baths, and emetics like Lobelia inflata to stimulate the body’s eliminative processes, thereby expelling toxins and re-establishing balance. This approach was in stark contrast to the prevalent medical practices of the time, which often involved harmful treatments such as bloodletting and the use of toxic substances.

Thompson’s pamphlet draws upon testimonials from individuals who have experienced positive outcomes using the Thomsonian system. These accounts serve to validate the effectiveness of the treatment and to challenge the prevailing medical orthodoxy. By presenting these real-life examples, Thompson aims to build public trust in the system and encourage its adoption. The pamphlet also addresses the controversy surrounding the treatment of cholera, arguing that the Thomsonian approach offers a safer and more effective alternative to conventional methods.

“The Steam Doctor’s Defence” is a passionate defense of an alternative medical system that sought to empower individuals to take control of their health through natural means. While the Thomsonian system eventually declined in popularity, the pamphlet remains a historical document that reflects the medical debates of the 19th century and the era’s quest for safer, more accessible healthcare solutions.