The Practice of Medicine by the Chinese in America by Stewart Culin, first published in 1887, offers a detailed examination of how Chinese immigrants introduced and maintained their traditional medical practices in the United States during the 19th century. Culin, an ethnographer and curator, provides insights into the methods, challenges, and cultural significance of Chinese medicine as it adapted to a new and often hostile environment.
The book delves into the various aspects of Chinese medical practices, including the use of herbal remedies, acupuncture, and diagnostic techniques such as pulse reading. Culin highlights how these practices were not only a means of healing but also a way for Chinese immigrants to preserve their cultural identity amidst the pressures of assimilation. The text also discusses the establishment of herbal shops and clinics in Chinatowns, which served as both medical centers and community hubs, providing a sense of continuity and support for immigrants far from their homeland.
Culin also addresses the challenges faced by Chinese medical practitioners in America, particularly the legal and social obstacles that sought to undermine their practices. He notes the efforts of the American Medical Association to discredit Chinese medicine and the subsequent legal restrictions placed on Chinese herbalists and healers. Despite these challenges, many Chinese practitioners continued to serve their communities, often adapting their practices to align with American medical standards while maintaining core traditional methods.
The Practice of Medicine by the Chinese in America serves as a valuable historical document that sheds light on the resilience and adaptability of Chinese immigrants. Culin’s work not only chronicles the medical practices but also underscores the broader cultural and social dynamics of Chinese communities in America during the 19th century. The book remains a significant resource for understanding the intersection of immigration, culture, and healthcare in American history.