“The Ayurvedic System of Medicine, Vol. 1” by Kaviraj Nagendra Nath Sengupta is a seminal work that delves into the ancient Indian medical practice of Ayurveda. Originally published in Bengali, this comprehensive treatise was translated into English in 1901 to present the rich knowledge of Hindu medicine to a broader audience, particularly practitioners of Western medicine. The first volume focuses on the description of various diseases and their symptoms, drawing extensively from classical texts like the Charaka Samhita and other authoritative sources. Sengupta’s objective was to offer a condensed and accessible version of these larger works, making the profound insights of Ayurveda more comprehensible to English-speaking readers.

In this volume, Sengupta meticulously categorizes diseases, providing detailed accounts of their manifestations and underlying causes. He emphasizes the Ayurvedic perspective that health is a harmonious balance of the body’s constitution (Prakriti) and life forces (Doshas). The text explores how imbalances in the three primary Doshas—Vata, Pitta, and Kapha—lead to various ailments. For instance, an aggravated Vata may result in neurological disorders, while an excess of Pitta could cause inflammatory conditions. By understanding these imbalances, practitioners can tailor treatments to restore equilibrium, thereby addressing the root cause of diseases rather than merely alleviating symptoms.

Sengupta also delves into diagnostic methodologies unique to Ayurveda, such as pulse diagnosis (Nadi Pariksha), examination of the tongue, eyes, and other physical signs, as well as patient history. He underscores the importance of a holistic approach, considering factors like diet, lifestyle, and mental state in both the onset and treatment of diseases. The text provides insights into various therapeutic modalities, including herbal remedies, dietary recommendations, and detoxification procedures like Panchakarma. These treatments aim to cleanse the body of toxins (Ama) and restore the natural balance of Doshas, promoting overall health and well-being.

“The Ayurvedic System of Medicine, Vol. 1” serves as a bridge between ancient wisdom and contemporary medical practice. Sengupta’s work not only preserves traditional knowledge but also invites modern practitioners to explore integrative approaches to health. By presenting Ayurvedic concepts in a structured and detailed manner, this volume remains a valuable resource for those seeking to understand the foundational principles of Ayurveda and their practical applications in diagnosing and treating diseases.