“Studies of American Fungi: Mushrooms, Edible, Poisonous, etc.” by George Francis Atkinson is a seminal work in the field of mycology, first published in 1901. Atkinson, a professor of botany at Cornell University, sought to provide a comprehensive guide to the diverse mushroom species found across the United States. The book is notable for its meticulous illustrations, with over 230 photographs by the author and colored plates by F.R. Rathbun, which serve as invaluable tools for identification.

The text is structured to facilitate understanding of the various genera of agarics, the most commonly encountered group of mushrooms. Atkinson emphasizes the importance of recognizing distinguishing features such as cap shape, gill attachment, and spore print color. He addresses common misconceptions, notably the belief that all toadstools are poisonous, clarifying that many are indeed edible. The book also delves into the anatomy of mushrooms, describing parts like the cap (pileus), gills, stem, and volva, and their significance in classification and identification.

A significant portion of the work is dedicated to detailing both edible and poisonous species. Atkinson provides descriptions of various mushrooms, including the common pasture mushroom (Agaricus campestris), the honey-colored Armillaria mellea, and the deadly Amanita phalloides. He offers guidance on distinguishing between similar-looking species, such as the edible Amanita caesarea and the toxic Amanita phalloides, highlighting the critical features that foragers should observe to ensure safety.

The book concludes with practical information, including recipes for cooking mushrooms by Mrs. Sarah Tyson Rorer and an analysis of the chemistry and toxicology of mushrooms by J.F. Clark. These additions provide readers with a holistic understanding of mushrooms, from identification to culinary use and safety considerations. Atkinson’s work remains a foundational resource for both amateur and professional mycologists, reflecting a deep respect for the natural world and a commitment to preserving traditional knowledge in the study of fungi.