William Woodville’s Medical Botany, first published between 1790 and 1794, stands as a monumental work in the field of medicinal botany. The first volume, released in 1790, offers a comprehensive examination of medicinal plants recognized by the Royal Colleges of Physicians of London and Edinburgh. Woodville meticulously details the botanical characteristics, medicinal properties, and therapeutic applications of these plants, providing invaluable insights for both practitioners and scholars of the time. ​

This volume is distinguished by its systematic approach to plant classification and its detailed descriptions, which include information on the diseases each plant addresses and the methods of their medicinal use. The work is richly illustrated with hand-colored engravings by James Sowerby, enhancing its utility as both a scientific reference and an artistic botanical record. The inclusion of these plates not only aids in the identification of plants but also reflects the aesthetic appreciation of botanical science during the period.​

Woodville’s dedication to botanical research is further exemplified by his establishment of a botanical garden at King’s Cross, London, where he cultivated many of the plants featured in his work. This hands-on approach allowed for firsthand observation and study, enriching the accuracy and depth of his descriptions. His work remained a standard reference in British pharmacopoeia until the late 19th century, underscoring its lasting impact on the field of medical botany. ​

Medical Botany Volume 1 is not merely a catalog of medicinal plants but a testament to the Enlightenment era’s commitment to empirical research and the advancement of medical knowledge. Its blend of scientific rigor and artistic illustration makes it a timeless resource for understanding the intersection of nature and medicine.