Gart der Gesundheit, translated as Garden of Health, is a seminal work in the history of herbal medicine, first published in 1485 by Johann Wonnecke von Kaub and printed by Peter Schöffer in Mainz. As one of the earliest printed herbals in the German language, this book played a pivotal role in disseminating knowledge about medicinal plants during the late Middle Ages. The text comprises 435 chapters, detailing 382 plants, 25 animal-based remedies, and 28 mineral substances, all accompanied by 379 woodcut illustrations, many attributed to the Mainz artist Erhard Reuwich. These illustrations, though simple, were designed to aid in the identification and understanding of the plants and substances described.

The content of Gart der Gesundheit is a compilation of earlier texts, both German and Latin, concerning the medicinal properties of various natural substances. While the book aimed to provide practical information for healing, it also reflects the medieval approach to medicine, which often intertwined folklore, religious beliefs, and empirical observations. The inclusion of remedies from the animal and mineral kingdoms alongside plant-based treatments indicates the holistic perspective prevalent at the time. However, modern readers should be aware that some of the information presented may be outdated or based on misconceptions prevalent during the period.

The significance of Gart der Gesundheit extends beyond its medicinal content. It stands as a testament to the early efforts in standardizing and documenting knowledge about natural substances. The book’s widespread reprints until the 18th century underscore its importance in the medical literature of the time. Moreover, it serves as a window into the cultural and intellectual milieu of the late medieval period, offering insights into how people understood health, disease, and healing. For contemporary readers and scholars, Gart der Gesundheit is not just a historical document but also a reflection of the enduring human quest to understand and harness the healing powers of nature.