James Sowerby’s Coloured Figures of English Fungi or Mushrooms stands as a monumental work in the field of mycology and botanical illustration. Published between 1797 and 1803, with a supplement added by 1815, this four-volume series comprises 440 meticulously hand-colored engravings. Sowerby, an accomplished engraver and botanical artist, undertook this project to complement his earlier collaboration with James Edward Smith on English Botany, which notably excluded fungi. Recognizing the gap, Sowerby dedicated himself to documenting the diverse fungi of England, providing both visual and descriptive accounts to aid in their identification and study.

The illustrations in this collection are not only scientifically valuable but also artistically remarkable. Sowerby employed copper-plate engravings, each finished by hand, to capture the intricate details and varied forms of mushrooms and fungi. These images served as essential tools for distinguishing between edible and poisonous species, a matter of significant importance at the time. In some instances, Sowerby even incorporated actual fungal spores into the illustrations, using substances like gum arabic to affix them, thereby enhancing the educational value of the plates.

Beyond their scientific utility, Sowerby emphasized the practical applications of fungi in everyday life. In his preface, he advocated for the cultivation of mushrooms, highlighting their usefulness in cooking and dyeing, as well as their ornamental appeal. He noted that certain fungi could yield vibrant dyes, with species like Sphaeria providing rich blacks and Lycoperdon offering various shades of brown. This perspective reflects a forward-thinking approach, recognizing the multifaceted value of fungi beyond mere botanical interest.

Sowerby’s work has had a lasting impact on the study of fungi and botanical illustration. The original drawings and models he created are preserved in institutions like the Natural History Museum, serving as valuable resources for ongoing research. His dedication to accuracy and detail set a standard for future works in the field. Moreover, by making his work accessible to both scientists and the general public, Sowerby played a crucial role in popularizing the study of fungi, bridging the gap between academic research and public interest.

Coloured Figures of English Fungi or Mushrooms is a testament to James Sowerby’s commitment to scientific accuracy, artistic excellence, and public education. His work not only enriched the scientific community’s understanding of fungi but also fostered a greater appreciation for these organisms among the general populace. By combining detailed illustrations with practical insights, Sowerby created a work that continues to be revered for its contributions to both science and art.