“Catalogue of Economic Plants in the Collection of the U.S. Department of Agriculture,” authored by William Saunders and published in 1891, serves as a comprehensive inventory of plants with significant economic value. This meticulously compiled catalogue reflects the agricultural priorities of the late 19th century, emphasizing the importance of plant resources in various industries such as medicine, textiles, and food production. Saunders, a notable botanist and horticulturist, aimed to document and categorize plants that could contribute to the nation’s economic development.

The catalogue is organized systematically, presenting a wide array of plant species along with their botanical names, common names, and potential uses. Each entry provides insights into the plant’s origin, cultivation requirements, and applications. For instance, plants used in traditional medicine are highlighted for their therapeutic properties, while others are noted for their utility in producing dyes, fibers, or food products. This structured approach not only aids in the identification and classification of plants but also underscores their practical applications in everyday life.

Saunders’ work reflects the era’s burgeoning interest in economic botany and the exploration of plant resources for industrial purposes. The catalogue includes plants from various regions, indicating a global perspective on agricultural development. This global outlook is evident in the inclusion of plants like rubber-producing species and exotic fruits, which were of particular interest for their potential economic impact. By documenting these species, the catalogue served as a valuable reference for researchers, farmers, and policymakers interested in diversifying and enhancing agricultural production.

Saunders’ “Catalogue of Economic Plants” stands as a testament to the scientific and economic endeavors of its time. It highlights the critical role of plant resources in societal advancement and the importance of systematic documentation for future research and development. The catalogue not only provided a foundation for subsequent botanical studies but also influenced agricultural practices by identifying plants with significant economic potential. Today, it remains a valuable historical document, offering insights into the agricultural priorities and botanical knowledge of the late 19th century.