“Illustrations of Indian Botany, Vol. 1” by Robert Wight, first published in 1840, stands as a monumental work in the field of botanical science and art. Wight, a Scottish surgeon in the service of the East India Company, dedicated over three decades to studying and documenting the flora of southern India. This volume is part of his extensive efforts to catalog and illustrate the diverse plant life of the region. The work is renowned for its meticulous hand-colored lithographs, many of which were created by Indian artists Rungiah and Govindoo, who were credited by Wight—a rare acknowledgment for artists of that era.​

The volume comprises 349 pages, featuring detailed illustrations and descriptions of various plant species. Each entry includes information on the plant’s natural order, essential characteristics, geographical distribution, and uses, particularly focusing on their medicinal properties. Wight’s approach was comprehensive, aiming to provide a thorough understanding of each plant’s role in both the natural ecosystem and human society. The illustrations are not mere artistic representations but serve as scientific documents, capturing the intricate details of plant morphology.​

Wight’s work was instrumental in introducing European audiences to the rich botanical diversity of India. His detailed descriptions and accurate illustrations contributed significantly to the field of economic botany, influencing both scientific research and the development of botanical gardens in colonial India. The volume also reflects the collaborative nature of botanical research during the colonial period, highlighting the contributions of Indian artists and collectors in the documentation process.​

“Illustrations of Indian Botany, Vol. 1” remains a valuable resource for botanists, historians, and art enthusiasts alike. Its blend of scientific rigor and artistic excellence offers a window into the botanical heritage of India, preserving the knowledge and artistry of the 19th century for future generations.