The New Domestic Medicine, or Family Physician by William Buchan is a comprehensive guide to health and wellness, emphasizing the prevention and treatment of diseases through simple, accessible methods. Originally published in 1769, this work was groundbreaking in its approach to making medical knowledge available to the general public. Buchan’s intent was to empower families to manage their health through proper diet, exercise, and the use of simple medicines, thereby reducing reliance on professional medical practitioners.
The book is divided into two main sections: the first focuses on preventing diseases by promoting a healthy lifestyle, while the second provides detailed information on diagnosing and treating a wide range of ailments. Buchan addresses common illnesses such as coughs, fevers, and digestive disorders, offering practical advice on remedies that can be prepared at home. He also includes guidance on the care of women and children, highlighting the importance of proper nutrition and hygiene in maintaining health.
In addition to medical advice, Buchan discusses the role of the environment in health, stressing the significance of clean air, adequate sleep, and regular physical activity. He critiques contemporary practices like the use of tight corsets and restrictive infant swaddling, which he believed contributed to health problems. His work reflects a forward-thinking perspective that values traditional knowledge while advocating for practical, science-based approaches to health care.
The New Domestic Medicine was widely acclaimed and became one of the most popular health guides of its time, with numerous editions published and translations into various languages. Its influence extended beyond Europe, reaching the American colonies and other parts of the world. By making medical knowledge accessible to the general public, Buchan’s work played a significant role in democratizing health care and promoting a more informed approach to personal well-being.